安全、健康和环境

为了同步实现配电网故障定位方法中的故障选线、故障区段定位和故障测距，且同时适用于各类配电网非对称故障，提出一种基于负序分量分布特征的配电网非对称故障定位方法。通过构建配电网故障分布参数负序等值电路，分析得到配电网单相接地、两相短路、两相短路接地3类非对称故障的负序电压与负序电流分布特征，根据各馈线出口及故障线路的负序分量幅值与方向分布差异特性，建立了非对称故障的故障选线、故障区段定位和故障测距方法。仿真测试结果表明，该方法对3类非对称故障的故障选线和故障区段定位结果准确、故障测距精度高。该方法创新性采用负序分量特征及精度递进的方式实现配电网故障定位方法中的故障测距，通过一种方法解决非对称故障定位问题，并可借助现有的配电网自动化系统进行应用，具有显著的应用价值和良好的经济性。

To simultaneously achieve fault line selection, fault section location, and fault distance measurement in distribution network fault location methods, while being applicable to various types of asymmetric faults in distribution networks, an asymmetric fault location method based on the distribution characteristics of negative-sequence components was proposed. By constructing a distributed-parameter negative-sequence equivalent circuit for the faulted distribution network, the distribution characteristics of negative-sequence voltage and current for three types of asymmetric faults-single-phase-to-ground, phase-to-phase, and two-phase-to-ground faults-were analyzed. Based on the differences in the magnitude and directional distribution of negative-sequence components at feeder outlets and along the faulted line, methods for fault line selection, fault section location, and fault distance measurement have been established. Simulation test results showed that the proposed method provided accurate fault line selection and section location for all three asymmetric fault types, with high precision in fault distance measurement. The method innovatively utilizes negative-sequence component characteristics and a progressive accuracy approach to achieve fault distance measurement within the overall fault location framework, solving asymmetric fault location problems with a single method. It can be readily applied using existing distribution network automation systems, demonstrating significant application value and good economic efficiency.