安全、健康和环境

香港特别行政区作为全球重要的国际航运与能源枢纽，承担着重要的能源中转和储存任务。其油库业务频繁且规模庞大，覆盖维多利亚港、后海湾等关键水域，产生的含油污水成分复杂，含有废机油、乳化油、悬浮颗粒物及各类有毒有害物质，若处理不当将对珊瑚礁、近海渔业等敏感海洋生态系统构成严重且持久的潜在威胁。通过深入剖析香港油库污水处理系统，梳理现有处理工艺、设施布局与管理体系，揭示了当前面临的种种挑战，如水质复杂、处理量波动、日益严格的排放标准等。通过对比国内外先进经验，结合香港本地特点，提出一系列创新策略，涵盖技术升级、流程优化及管理革新等，旨在提升香港油库污水处理效能，实现油库运营与生态环境保护的协调发展，为香港的可持续繁荣提供有力支撑。

As a globally prominent international shipping and energy hub, Hong Kong undertakes critical energy transshipment and storage missions leveraging its advantageous geographical location. This has led to frequent and large-scale oil depot operations across key water bodies, including Victoria Harbour and Deep Bay. The oily wastewater generated from these activities exhibits a complex composition, consisting of waste engine oil, emulsified oil, suspended particulate matter, and various toxic and hazardous substances. Improper treatment of such wastewater would pose a serious and long-lasting threat to sensitive marine ecosystems, such as coral reefs and coastal fisheries. This paper delves into the wastewater treatment system of Hong Kong′s oil terminals, analyzing the existing treatment processes, facility layouts, and management systems, and identifies the current challenges, such as complex water quality, fluctuating treatment volumes, and increasingly strict discharge standards. By comparing advanced experiences both at home and abroad and considering Hong Kong′s local characteristics, a series of innovative strategies have been proposed. These strategies, which cover technological upgrades, process optimizations, and management innovations, aim to enhance the wastewater treatment efficiency of Hong Kong′s oil terminals, achieve coordinated development between oil terminal operations and ecological environmental protection, and provide strong support for Hong Kong′s sustainable prosperity.