安全、健康和环境

某低压气田采用低压湿气集输工艺，井口采出气通常为水饱和气体。管道沿线地区地形起伏，四季温差明显，管道内易形成积液，导致管输效率下降并引发冻堵与腐蚀等安全隐患，影响气田的高效开发与安全运行。目前对低压气田集输管道积液规律的研究尚有不足、且多局限于对单一影响因素的研究分析。为此，针对该低压气田积液严重的管道，通过模拟分析入口气量、质量含液率、入口温度、出口压力以及环境温度对管道积液的影响规律，采用正交试验研究各因素的影响程度及其交互作用。结果表明：积液量与质量含液率、出口压力呈正相关，与入口气量、环境温度及入口温度呈负相关；质量含液率对积液量的影响最为显著，入口温度的影响最小；入口气量与质量含液率的交互作用对积液具有显著影响。研究结果为低压气田集输管道积液防治提供科学依据，对复杂地形下低压气田集输管道的设计和长周期安全稳定运行具有指导意义。

A low-pressure gas field employs a low-pressure wet gas gathering and transportation process. The gas at the wellhead is typically water-saturated, and the pipeline route traverses areas with undulating terrain and significant seasonal temperature variations. These conditions make the pipeline prone to liquid accumulation, leading to reduced transportation efficiency and potential safety hazards, such as hydrate freezing and corrosion, which ultimately impair the efficient development and safe operation of the gas field. Currently, the research on liquid accumulation patterns in low-pressure gas field gathering pipelines remains insufficient, and factor analyses are often confined to single parameters. Therefore, a simulation analysis was conducted on severely affected pipelines within this gas field to investigate the influence of inlet gas flow rate, mass liquid holdup, inlet temperature, outlet pressure, and ambient temperature on liquid accumulation. Orthogonal experiments were then employed to examine the degree of influence of each factor and their interactions. The results indicated that the liquid accumulation volume was positively correlated with mass liquid holdup and outlet pressure, and negatively correlated with inlet gas flow rate, ambient temperature, and inlet temperature. Mass liquid holdup had the most significant impact on liquid accumulation, while inlet temperature had the least. The interaction between the inlet gas flow rate and the mass liquid holdup also significantly influenced liquid accumulation. The findings provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling liquid accumulation in low-pressure gas field gathering pipelines and offer guidance for the design and long-term safe and stable operation of such pipelines in complex terrain.